Bulgaria and its connections with Russia & Corruption.

Bulgaria has a long and fraught history as a country where corruption has thrived for many years. According to an article in Forbes, Bulgaria is one of the only members of the EU that has not imposed sanctions on the Russian Federation as a state and on Russian individuals. Even Hungary, led by Viktor Orban, has imposed sanctions on Russia. Bulgaria’s lack of movement on sanctions is mainly because the government has close links to Russia at a governmental level and with the oligarchs. According to a report by the European Council on Foreign Relations, one of the main reasons for such a high level of influence is because of an attempted political coup by Russia in 2016. While the coup failed, like it did in Montenegro, it showed that Bulgarian society faces a massive challenge in eradicating Russian influence.

Update on Arevalo.

Back in August, I wrote a piece on the newly elected president of Guatemala, Bernardo Arevalo, who positioned himself as an anti-corruption activist. Last week, Arevalo was finally inaugurated, but only after a last-ditch attempt by his opponents to challenge his authority. According to an article in the New York Times, his opponents in Congress passed a budget that would severely restrict his ability to spend government funds on healthcare and education, two of his main priorities. There have also been numerous legal challenges by his conservative opponents, including a threat to arrest his vice president Karin Herrera on seemingly spurious and politically motivated challenges. In the coming months, Arevalo and Herrera will face further challenges to their authority from conservative opponents and organized criminal threats.

Update on Singapore Corruption.

Last July, Singapore, a country not traditionally known as a hotbed for corruption, indicted their transport minister on corruption and bribery charges. Yesterday, Subramanian Iswaran formally resigned from his post. According to a report by Reuters, Iswaran allegedly took bribes from a Singaporean property magnate called Ong Beng Seng. Records show that in return for advancing Seng’s business interests, Iswaran received tickets to sporting events and musicals and flights on Seng’s private jet. This all comes as a major surprise because, according to Transparency International, Singapore is ranked in the top five of the least corrupt countries in the world, paying their cabinet ministers some of the highest salaries in the world. Iswaran’s fate is still unknown, but one has to assume that Singapore will use him as an example to future ministers of what happens when you take bribes.

Unrest in Ecuador.

Recently, in Ecuador, there has been a rise in violence, particularly post-Covid. However, yesterday, a TV station called TC in the city of Guayaquil was stormed by several gunmen. According to a report in Axios, the attack on the TV station was related to a well-known leader of a notorious gang, Adolfo Macias, escaping from his cell in a maximum-security prison. According to an article in the BBC, 130 prisons are being held hostage by inmates across several prisons across Ecuador. The Ecuadorian president, Daniel Noboa, sworn into office in November, has recently announced an ambitious plan which, according to Reuters, includes building new maximum-security prisons, developing a new gang-related intelligence unit, and procuring new weapons for the security services. This plan would cost $800 million, with the US government contributing 200 million primarily for acquiring the weapons. It appears that Noboa faces a massive task in controlling the prison system and limiting gang-related influences in Ecuadorian society.

EU Approves Membership Talks with Ukraine.

Yesterday, the EU approved membership talks with Ukraine and Moldova. While this is undeniably a big step for Ukraine as a country, it is not certain that Ukraine will be accepted into the bloc. According to a report in The Guardian, Hungarian President Viktor Orban, a well-known ally of Russia and President Putin, is threatening to hold up the process in any way possible. It is entirely possible that Orban’s sole goal was to get the EU to release 10 billion Euros from the EU budget. Ukraine has a lot of work to do before it can be accepted into the bloc. According to an article in Reuters, Ukraine must continue to clean up its judicial system and hire more anti-corruption professionals. It will be a long road, but based on its recent track record, Ukraine is committed to joining the EU despite the ongoing conflict with Russia.

The State of Corruption in Moldova.

(Disclaimer: Yesterday, I attended an event at the Brookings Institute where the Justice Minister of Moldova spoke about the country’s Anti-Corruption efforts).

Moldova borders Ukraine in Eastern Europe, and Russia is viewed as its sphere of influence due to Moldova being part of the Soviet Union. According to the Anti-Corruption Resource Center, Moldova is a country that, like many in the region, has a strong oligarchy where corruption and bribery are prevalent. Despite this, in 2021, the election of Maia Sandu and the Party of Action & Solidarity (PAS) signaled a new era of commitment to anti-corruption initiatives. An article by the Center For Security and International Studies states that due to the conflict in Ukraine, Moldova has applied for membership to the EU despite opening up to foreign investors and instituting judicial reforms. While these are encouraging steps to combat corrupt influences, it appears that, like Ukraine, Moldova is trying to make strides in eradicating corruption.

The Hidden Humanitarian Crisis in Sudan.

In recent months, Sudan, in particular the western region of Darfur, has been in the midst of a wide-ranging conflict that has triggered a humanitarian crisis. According to an article in Politico, the UN is concerned about a repeat of the genocide that occurred between 2003 and 2005 in Darfur, where it is estimated that 300,000 people were killed in Darfur. The current conflict, which started earlier this year between the Sudanese government and a paramilitary group called the Rapid Support Force (RSF), has been largely overlooked by the world’s press. According to a report on ABC News, 800 people were killed in a multi-day attack by the RSF last week. Sadly, no ceasefire is on the horizon, and history will repeat itself.

Panama Removed from FATF Gray List.

Last week, Panama was from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Gray List. FATF is an Inter-governmental organization that monitors corruption worldwide. According to an article in the US News, the Panamanian government has made enough reforms to the financial sector that the country can be taken off the list. This will, according to the article, open the door to more international investment. While this is undeniably a good sign, one has to hope that the type of people who want to put money in Panama are doing it for the right reasons.

Former Albanian PM Ensnared in Corruption Probe.

The former Prime Minister of Albania, Sali Berisha, was recently charged with corruption offenses. According to a Reuters article, Berisha hopes to steer the privatization of land once owned by a local football club, FK Partizani, in such a way that it would benefit a company owned by his son-in-law. According to a report from the AP, Berisha believes these charges are politically motivated by the current PM, Edi Rama. Berisha has a checkered history involving corruption; according to ABC News, in 2021, Berisha was banned from entering the US due to numerous allegations of corruption during their tenure as PM from 2005 to 2013. It is unclear how this will play out, but I would assume that Berisha may well be facing a stretch behind bars.

Menendez Pleads Not Guilty to Federal Corruption Charges.

Yesterday, according to an article on NBC Bay Area, Robert Menendez was back in a federal courtroom in New York City after the indictment was rewritten to add a charge. Menendez pleaded not guilty to being a foreign agent for the government of Egypt. According to an article on CBS.com, Menendez’s wife and Wael Hama, an Egyptian-American businessmen, pleaded not guilty last week, while Menendez was allowed to delay his arraignment due to his senate commitments. Due to these allegations, Menendez has stepped down from chairing the powerful Senate Foreign Relations Committee. The trial continues.